Musca domestica is a key vector for transferring harmful pathogens from contaminated surfaces to humans. Several studies have confirmed the critical role of houseflies in the spread of various infectious diseases. This research aimed to investigate the bacterial contamination present in M. domestica from diverse environments. Samples were collected from locations such as slaughterhouses, coastal regions, hospital premises, and both rural and urban waste sites. Once collected, the samples were placed in sterile glass containers, and bacterial isolation and identification were performed in the laboratory. The results showed that Escherichia coli was the predominant species. The majority of contamination was associated with E. coli, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study highlights the potential of houseflies to act as vectors of harmful pathogens in public spaces. To prevent the spread of infection and contamination in different environments, it is essential to implement and enhance sanitary measures aimed at controlling these insects.
