Volume 1, Issue 2 (2021)

Emerging Hantavirus Threats: Clinical Manifestations and Strategies for Mitigation

Written by K. R. Padma Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

The rapid increase in global trade and travel has facilitated the evolution of various viral pathogens, enabling them to adapt to new hosts and expand their environments. Among these emerging viruses are the hantaviruses, which are primarily transmitted by small rodents, particularly rats. When these viruses are transmitted to humans, they can lead to two major clinical syndromes: renal syndrome associated with hemorrhagic fever and Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Humans are generally infec

Nano Pesticides: Production, Use, and Environmental Impact

Written by Naincy Rani Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to its widespread application in several industries, including food, military, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medicine, and pest control. Nano-insecticides have attracted considerable attention due to their effectiveness in combating plant pests and disease vectors, such as malaria, and providing more efficient solutions than traditional pesticides. Various methods have been developed for the production of nano-insecticides, but with the increasing demand

Impact of Diazepam on the Development of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in a Rabbit Carcass

Written by Layla Ouda Al-Shareef Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

The larvae of necrophagous fly species serve as valuable forensic indicators for estimating the minimum postmortem interval (PMI). However, the presence of drugs within a corpse can affect larval growth, potentially leading to inaccuracies in PMI determination. This study investigated how diazepam affects the developmental progression of Chrysomya albiceps and assessed the suitability of this fly species for toxicological investigations. To achieve this aim, C. albiceps larvae were raised on rab

First Confirmed Case of African Swine Fever in Greece: Clinical, Pathological, and Epidemiological Findings in a Backyard Pig Herd

Written by Sofia Papadaki Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

African swine fever (ASF) represents a significant global concern for pig health and welfare. Following reports of ASF in several European nations, Greece confirmed its first official case on 5 February 2020. The case occurred on a backyard farm in Nikoklia, Serres regional unit, Central Macedonia, where the owner observed anorexia, lethargy, respiratory distress, and the sudden death of six pigs. Necropsy of one gilt revealed lesions consistent with acute to subacute septicemia, including marke

Ex Vivo Induction and Cytolytic Activity of *Theileria parva*-Specific CD8⁺ CTLs from ITM-Immunized Cattle Using Autologous Infected Cell Lines

Written by Thomas Johnson Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

The apicomplexan blood parasite Theileria parva is the etiologic agent of East Coast fever (ECF), a highly lethal condition in cattle across Africa. The progress of vaccine design has been hampered by limited insight into the nature of protective immunity that arises after either natural infection or immunization using the infection and treatment method (ITM). This challenge mainly results from the absence of suitable techniques for assessing the memory T-cell populations after exposure. To reso

First Report of Inverted Papilloma Progressing to Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Equine Conjunctiva

Written by Jacob Taylor Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

A five-year-old Arabian mare was examined after a six-month history of a painless swelling on the conjunctiva of her right eye. Clinical assessment revealed a dense, fleshy, and uniformly smooth lesion, initially suspected to be a conjunctival tumor. Microscopic study demonstrated an inward-growing mass made up of elongated papillary folds of thickened squamous epithelium supported by slender fibrovascular cores. Within the lesion, cellular irregularities and infiltration of neighboring tissue—h

Postpartum Insulin Resistance Surrogates in Subclinical Hyperketonemic Dairy Goats: A Longitudinal Comparison with Healthy Herdmates

Written by Ruan Wen Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

During the transition phase, dairy goats are highly vulnerable to subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK). The present work sought to examine how metabolic traits and indirect measures of insulin resistance (sIR) differ between SCHK-affected goats and those in normal health (HEAL) throughout this stage. Twenty Guanzhong dairy goats were categorized into HEAL (n = 10) and SCHK (n = 10) groups according to β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) levels in their blood. Samples were drawn from the jugular vein at −3, −2

Topical Snail Secretion Filtrate Enhances Wound Closure and Tissue Remodeling in Full-Thickness Excisional Wounds in Mice

Written by Ahmed Hassan Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

Wound repair is a natural physiological process that proceeds through multiple regulated stages, including inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. For hundreds of years, Helix aspersa Muller mucus has been recognized for its beneficial biological effects in managing various skin ailments. In this research, a full-thickness excisional wound model in mice was employed to assess whether Snail Secretion Filtrate (SSF) enhances wound repair efficiency. Mucus was extracted from Helix asper

Molecular Survey of Rickettsia spp. in Unengorged Adult Ixodid Ticks Removed from Companion Animals in the Southeastern United States

Written by Matthew Anderson Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

Ticks are important carriers of infectious agents that endanger both pets and people. To understand the circulation of these pathogens, this work examined hard ticks collected from companion animals treated at a veterinary clinic in Hall County, Georgia. Adult, unfed ticks were used for DNA extraction and screened for Rickettsia species using PCR assays, followed by sequencing for precise identification. In total, 204 adult ticks were identified morphologically. Out of 194 DNA samples tested, 38

Drug Resistance Patterns and Antimicrobial-Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli in Cats and Their Drinking Water

Written by Matteo Romani Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is driven by the exchange of resistant bacteria and resistance genes among humans, animals, and the environment. This research explored the occurrence and characteristics of resistant Escherichia coli in domestic cats by examining isolates from both their feces and drinking water sources. A total of 104 samples were analyzed (52 fecal and 52 water samples). E. coli was recovered from every fecal sample and from 23 of the water samples (44.2%).

Link between Dog Erythrocyte Antigens (DEA) and Canine Susceptibility to Babesiosis

Written by Nora Lindholm Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

Babesiosis in dogs is a life-threatening condition primarily characterized by hemolytic anemia. Although certain canine blood groups have been suggested to influence resistance or vulnerability to infections, the role of blood type in determining susceptibility to babesiosis remains poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the distribution of Dog Erythrocyte Antigen (DEA) 1 blood groups among dogs in Abeokuta, Nigeria, and to examine their possible association with Babesia infection. Blo

Demographics, Health Profiles, and Behavioral Impacts of Cannabidiol Use in the Dog Aging Project

Written by Wandi Suksawat Published on Vol 1 Issue 2, 2021

Over the past few years, interest in and availability of cannabidiol (CBD) and hemp-derived products has grown, including their use as supplements for companion dogs. Leveraging survey responses from the Dog Aging Project (DAP), we examined how factors such as owner and dog demographics, the legal status of medical cannabis in a given state, and the dog’s health profile influence decisions to administer CBD or hemp products. Additionally, using a subset of longitudinal data, we explored whethe

Volume 1, Issue 2 (2021)

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