Mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting deadly pathogens, causing millions of fatalities annually. Efforts to improve mosquito control are a constant global challenge. Chemical control remains a dominant approach in vector management due to its rapid effectiveness, especially during outbreaks. However, the development of resistance to chemical insecticides has led to a resurgence in mosquito populations. Plants present a promising alternative for mosquito control solutions. This study investigates the toxic effects of aqueous extract from Acacia nilotica fruits on mosquito larvae under controlled laboratory conditions. This experimental study investigated the toxicity of aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica fruits on mosquito larvae. The fruit extract was dried, powdered, and strained to make a stock solution. A series of concentrations ranging from 0.0125-2% were applied to mosquito larvae, which were exposed to the extract for 24 hours. The lethal concentration at 50% (LC50) was determined. After repeating the experiment 3 times, the mean result was calculated. Mortality rates ranged from 75% to 100%. The average LC50 in the three trials was 0.004%. Most of the mosquito larvae were identified as Culex species. The aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica shows significant toxicity against mosquito larvae and shows potential as an effective tool for mosquito control. Further research is needed to isolate the active compounds responsible for their toxicity and to explore additional solvent extractions and plant sources from different soils.
