%0 Journal Article
%T Temperature, Nutrition, Infection, and Reproductive Allocation Interact to Determine Life-History Pace Under Compound Stress in Insects
%A Pierre Dubois
%A Marc Lefevre
%A Claire Moreau
%A Julien Martin
%A Thomas Dupont
%J Entomological Research Letters
%@ 3108-639X
%D 2024
%V 4
%N 1
%R 10.51847/7lfjuugpLg
%P 26-35
%X Insects rarely experience temperature, food availability, infection, and reproductive demand as independent pressures. Yet these drivers are commonly interpreted one at a time, obscuring how their timing, biological level, and internal-state dependence reshape development, survival, defense, and reproduction. This article develops a proposed compound-stressor architecture in which life-history pace is treated as a multidimensional state rather than a single rate of development or reproduction. The framework separates thermal demand, nutritional constraint, infection costs, and reproductive allocation before examining their pairwise and higher-order interactions. Evidence from diverse insect systems shows that interaction direction is not fixed: nutritional history may strengthen, weaken, or fail to modify infection costs; thermal buffering may protect survival without rescuing reproduction; and recovery intervals may reverse expectations based on cumulative exposure. The framework therefore emphasizes stage, sex, sequence, resource state, tissue capacity, and endpoint identity as boundary conditions. It predicts that simultaneous stresses are most likely to expose shared-capacity conflicts, whereas sequential stresses can produce either carry-over damage or recovery depending on the residual state entering the next challenge. The architecture is intended as a testable organizing model, not an empirically validated universal mechanism.
%U https://esvpub.com/article/temperature-nutrition-infection-and-reproductive-allocation-interact-to-determine-life-history-pa-vwhgdrkzmzswl0r