%0 Journal Article
%T Prevalence and Severity of Serum Bicarbonate Deficiency in Canine Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study
%A Jacob Taylor
%A Emma Müller
%A Noah Schmid
%J International Journal of Veterinary Research and Allied Sciences
%@ 3062-357X
%D 2023
%V 3
%N 1
%R 10.51847/SkTs38aR5C
%P 61-69
%X A lack of serum bicarbonate frequently occurs in people suffering from acute (AKI) or chronic (CKD) kidney disease as a result of disrupted renal synthesis and reabsorption processes. Although alkali therapy is commonly used in both human and animal CKD treatment, information about how often such imbalances appear in canine AKI and CKD remains limited. This study aimed to determine how prevalent and how severe bicarbonate depletion is among dogs diagnosed with AKI, acute-on-chronic kidney disease (ACKD), or CKD, and to explore possible links with IRIS classification and calcium–phosphate metabolism changes. Medical records from dogs evaluated at the Nephrology and Urology Service of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Pisa, between January 2014 and January 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Serum bicarbonate levels below 22 mmol/L were considered deficient, with moderate cases defined as 18–22 mmol/L and severe ones as 
%U https://esvpub.com/article/prevalence-and-severity-of-serum-bicarbonate-deficiency-in-canine-acute-and-chronic-kidney-disease-uhqembhqmmpnuqw